Accountant training: zero to confirmed

Define the accounting equation and explain the relationship between assets, liabilities, and equity.

Classify accounts into the five main categories (assets, liabilities, equity, revenues, expenses).

Distinguish between debits and credits and apply the rules to the five account types.

Explain the purpose and structure of the Moroccan Chart of Accounts (Plan Comptable Général Marocain).

Record basic business transactions in a double-entry journal format.

Illustrate the effect of journal entries on individual accounts using T-accounts.

Identify fundamental accounting principles (going concern, consistency, accrual basis) and their purpose.

Prepare a simple trial balance from a set of T-accounts to verify equality of debits and credits.

Record sales transactions (cash and credit), including the calculation and recording of collected VAT (TVA Facturée).

Record purchase transactions for services and goods, including the calculation and recording of deductible VAT (TVA Récupérable).

Record the acquisition and disposal of fixed assets (immobilisations).

Record cash receipts from customers and payments to suppliers.

Apply accounting rules for sales and purchase discounts.

Post journal entries to the general ledger and maintain running balances.

Differentiate between periodic and perpetual inventory systems.

Develop a checklist for classifying and filing accounting source documents per Moroccan legal requirements.

Apply the matching principle to prepare adjusting entries for accrued revenues and accrued expenses.

Prepare adjusting entries for prepaid expenses and deferred revenues.

Calculate and record depreciation expense for fixed assets using the straight-line method.

Prepare an adjusting entry for estimated bad debts using the allowance method.

Perform a bank reconciliation by comparing the cash book to the bank statement.

Record adjusting and correcting entries identified during the bank reconciliation process.

Establish and manage a petty cash fund using the imprest system.

Prepare a complete adjusted trial balance after posting all adjusting entries.

Explain the structure and purpose of the Moroccan Income Statement (Compte de Produits et Charges - CPC).

Prepare a simple CPC from an adjusted trial balance.

Describe the structure and components of the Moroccan Balance Sheet (Bilan).

Prepare a classified Balance Sheet from an adjusted trial balance.

Calculate and interpret key liquidity and solvency ratios (e.g., current ratio, debt-to-equity).

Calculate and interpret key profitability ratios (e.g., net profit margin, return on equity).

Explain the purpose and structure of the Statement of Cash Flows.

Calculate cash flow from operating activities using the indirect method.

Distinguish between financial accounting and management accounting.

Classify costs by behavior (variable, fixed, mixed) and function (production, admin, sales).

Differentiate between direct and indirect costs, providing practical examples.

Calculate contribution margin and perform break-even analysis in units and sales value.

Apply Cost-Volume-Profit (CVP) analysis to determine the sales required for a target profit.

Describe a job order costing system and trace direct costs to a specific job.

Calculate a predetermined overhead rate and apply it to allocate indirect costs.

Explain the purpose of process costing and calculate the cost per equivalent unit.

Explain the legal framework of VAT in Morocco, identifying the different rates and scope of application.

Distinguish between taxable, exempt, and out-of-scope transactions under Moroccan law.

Determine the rules for VAT deductibility (prorata rule) and identify non-deductible items.

Calculate the net VAT due or VAT credit for a given period.

Apply VAT rules specific to import and export transactions.

Complete the monthly or quarterly VAT declaration form (Model 300).

Establish a compliance checklist for VAT deadlines and obligations.

Identify entities subject to Corporate Income Tax (IS) in Morocco and its main principles.

Explain the process of reconciling accounting profit to taxable profit.

Identify and apply adjustments for permanent differences (e.g., non-deductible fines).

Identify and apply adjustments for common temporary differences (e.g., provisions).

Calculate tax depreciation according to Moroccan fiscal rules and determine the resulting adjustment.

Apply the progressive IS rates to the taxable profit to calculate the gross corporate tax.

Calculate the minimum tax (Cotisation Minimale) and determine the final tax due.

Calculate and prepare the quarterly IS prepayment declarations (acomptes provisionnels).

Identify the different categories of income subject to Personal Income Tax (IR) in Morocco.

Calculate gross salary including all components (base salary, allowances, bonuses).

Calculate the employee's share of mandatory social contributions (CNSS and AMO).

Calculate the employer's share of mandatory social contributions (CNSS and AMO).

Determine the net taxable salary after deducting eligible expenses and contributions.

Apply the progressive IR scale to employment income to calculate the monthly tax withholding.

Calculate the final net salary payable to an employee.

Explain the key differences between gross salary, net taxable salary, and net pay.

Identify the mandatory components of a Moroccan pay slip (bulletin de paie).

Prepare a complete pay slip for an employee using pre-calculated salary data.

Consolidate payroll data to determine total monthly social contributions due.

Prepare the annual declaration of salaries and wages (État 9421).

Describe the accounting entries required to record salaries, social charges, and income tax.

Draft a simple professional email in French to an employee regarding a payroll query.

Perform the reconciliation of accounts receivable and accounts payable sub-ledgers with the general ledger.

Review and finalize all period-end adjusting entries for accruals, prepayments, and provisions.

Perform year-end inventory procedures, including reconciling the physical count and recording valuation adjustments.

Review and finalize the annual depreciation schedule for all fixed assets.

Prepare the year-end journal entries to record the Corporate Income Tax (IS) expense.

Prepare the journal entries to close revenue and expense accounts to the income summary.

Prepare the final trial balance after closing.

Calculate Working Capital (Fonds de Roulement), Working Capital Requirement (Besoin en Fonds de Roulement), and Net Cash Position (Trésorerie Nette).

Analyze a company's financial equilibrium using the functional balance sheet.

Explain the purpose of IFRS and key conceptual differences from Moroccan GAAP.

Describe the 5-step revenue recognition model of IFRS 15.

Describe the core principle of IFRS 16 for lease accounting and its impact on the balance sheet.

Describe the three classification categories for financial assets under IFRS 9.

Calculate and record year-end adjustments for deferred tax assets and liabilities.

Assemble the main components of the final Moroccan tax and accounting package ('Liasse Fiscale').

Prepare a concise management report in French summarizing monthly financial performance for a non-accounting audience.

Draft professional correspondence in French for common accounting situations (e.g., client reminders, supplier queries).

Translate key financial terms (e.g., from the Bilan and CPC) from French to professional accounting English.

Draft a professional email in English summarizing key financial highlights for international stakeholders.

Describe the role of the external auditor (Commissaire aux comptes) in Morocco.

Simulate a professional discussion to explain a financial variance to a manager.

Create a personal development plan for staying current with changes in Moroccan tax and accounting regulations.

Define the key competencies and ethical responsibilities of a 'confirmed accountant'.