Electricity: practical, physics, equations, units

Apply Ohm's law and Kirchhoff's laws to simple circuits.

Calculate electrical power and energy in DC circuits.

Analyze series and parallel resistor networks and calculate their equivalent properties.

Calculate electric fields and potential from point charges using Coulomb's law and superposition.

Relate electric potential to the work done moving a charge in an electric field.

Describe the magnetic field pattern around a current-carrying wire using Ampère's law.

Calculate the magnetic force on a moving charge (Lorentz force) and a current-carrying wire, applying relevant direction rules.

Explain the physical mechanism of electromagnetic induction via the Lorentz force on moving charges.

State Faraday's law of induction and apply it to calculate the EMF from a changing magnetic flux.

Apply Lenz's law to determine the direction of induced currents.

Calculate motional EMF in a conductor moving through a magnetic field as a specific application of Faraday's law.

State Maxwell's four equations in integral form.

Explain the physical meaning of Gauss's law for electricity (charge as a source of E-field) and magnetism (no magnetic monopoles).

Explain the physical meaning of Faraday's law (changing B-field creates E-field) and the Ampère-Maxwell law (currents and changing E-fields create B-fields).

Describe how the interplay between changing electric and magnetic fields, as described by Maxwell's equations, leads to the propagation of electromagnetic waves.

Describe alternating current and voltage using sinusoidal functions, distinguishing between peak and RMS values.

Describe the fundamental behavior of resistors, capacitors, and inductors in AC circuits.

Analyze the phase relationship between voltage and current in resistive, inductive, and capacitive loads.

Calculate impedance for series RLC circuits using phasors or complex numbers.

Calculate real, reactive, and apparent power in AC circuits.

Explain the concept of power factor and its impact on power generation and transmission efficiency.

Explain how rotating a coil in a magnetic field produces a sinusoidal AC voltage via Faraday's law.

Calculate the EMF generated by a rotating coil, relating its frequency and amplitude to rotational speed and coil geometry.

Relate the mechanical work required to turn a generator to the electrical energy it produces, applying the principle of conservation of energy.

Explain the operating principle of a DC motor in terms of the torque on a current-carrying loop in a magnetic field.

Calculate the torque on a motor's coil from current, magnetic field strength, and geometry.

Explain the concept of back-EMF in motors and its role in self-regulation of speed and current.

Analyze motor efficiency by relating mechanical power output to electrical power input.

Describe the basic structure of single-phase and three-phase mains power distribution systems.

Calculate the real power consumption of various appliances by interpreting their power factor and apparent power ratings.

Evaluate whether a generator can supply a given set of loads, considering its real power (W) and apparent power (VA) limits.

Explain the physical origin of large starting currents in inductive loads (e.g., motors), referencing the initial absence of back-EMF.

Incorporate surge load considerations when sizing a generator for a specific set of appliances.

Estimate the runtime of a device on a battery or generator based on its power consumption and the energy source's capacity (e.g., in Watt-hours).