Essential Grammar for Academic English

Use the present perfect tense to connect past events with the present.

Use the past perfect tense to sequence past events.

Select appropriate future forms (will, be going to, present continuous) for predictions, plans, and arrangements.

Construct sentences using relative clauses (who, which, that) to add information.

Construct sentences using adverbial clauses to express time, reason, and contrast.

Apply zero and first conditional structures to describe real and possible situations.

Apply second and third conditional structures to discuss hypothetical situations.

Use passive voice appropriately in academic contexts.