Pointers and Memory Management in C

Explain what a pointer is and how it stores a memory address

Use the address-of (&) and dereference (*) operators

Pass arguments to functions by value and by reference using pointers

Use pointer arithmetic to traverse arrays

Explain the difference between stack and heap memory

Allocate and deallocate dynamic memory using malloc() and free()

Identify and fix common pointer bugs: null dereference, dangling pointers, and memory leaks