Pinyin Foundations: Tones and Simple Finals

Describe the pitch contour of each of the four Mandarin tones.

Produce the four tones on isolated syllables using the six simple finals (a, o, e, i, u, ü).

Distinguish minimal tone pairs by listening (e.g., mǎi vs mài).

Apply the third-tone sandhi rule when two third tones occur consecutively (e.g., nǐ hǎo → ní hǎo).

Read and write the pinyin for numbers 1–10 (yī to shí) with correct tones.