Foundations of Statistical Inference

Explain the logic of hypothesis testing: null/alternative hypotheses, p-values, and significance.

Calculate probabilities and quantiles from common distributions (e.g., Normal, t).

Assess data normality visually with Q-Q plots and formally with the Shapiro-Wilk test.

Interpret confidence intervals as a range of plausible values for a parameter.

Assert data properties and assumptions using `assertthat::assert_that()`.