JVM Runtime Data Areas and Object Model

Describe the five JVM runtime data areas: heap, JVM stack, method area, PC register, and native method stack.

Explain the internal structure of a stack frame: local variable array, operand stack, and frame data.

Explain heap organization: young generation (Eden, Survivor spaces), old generation, and metaspace.

Describe object memory layout in HotSpot: object header (mark word, klass pointer), instance data, and alignment padding.

Explain static vs. dynamic method dispatch and how the JVM resolves virtual calls using vtables and interface calls using itables.