Structural Causal Modeling of Triadic Dynamics

Construct a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) that explicitly represents interference pathways in the vee system.

Model shared-environment confounders (e.g., financial stress) that simultaneously affect all three members.

Represent mediating pathways from living arrangement through psychological mechanisms (e.g., security) to satisfaction.

Identify collider structures that introduce bias when conditioning on outcomes of interconnected individuals (e.g., the pivot's satisfaction).

Encode temporal structure (lagged effects, adaptation) in the causal model to align with the crossover design.

Demonstrate how Simpson's paradox could manifest when aggregating satisfaction data across different roles or dyads.