Herbal Pharmacology and Interactions

Describe major classes of bioactive phytochemicals found in medicinal plants (e.g., alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids).

Explain methods for extraction, standardization, and identification of active compounds in herbal preparations.

Describe pharmacokinetic challenges specific to herbal medicines, such as constituent multiplicity and variable composition.

Relate traditional Ayurvedic preparation methods (e.g., Shodhana) to potential effects on bioavailability and toxicity.

Describe common pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic mechanisms of herb-drug interactions.

Using a case study, identify and explain potential herb-drug interactions based on their known mechanisms.