OS: Processes, Threads, and Scheduling

Explain the difference between a process and a thread, including their memory layout.

Describe the mechanism and performance implications of a context switch.

Describe the role of system calls in process management with concrete examples (e.g., fork, exec, wait).

Compare preemptive and non-preemptive CPU scheduling algorithms (FCFS, SJF, Round Robin).

Analyze a given workload to determine which scheduling algorithm minimizes average waiting time.

Compare Inter-Process Communication (IPC) mechanisms (pipes, shared memory, message passing) and identify practical use cases.