Current Challenges: Poverty, Human Capital & Employment

Explain the concept of the poverty line and how poverty is measured in India.

Critically assess major government programmes for poverty alleviation.

Explain the role of education and health in human capital formation.

Analyze the employment challenges in India, including formalization and unemployment types.

Describe key government employment generation programmes (e.g., MGNREGA).

Solve representative CBSE board paper questions on these topics (2019–2024).