Interrupts and Exception Handling

Describe the ARM exception model, including Reset, NMI, HardFault, and IRQs.

Explain the architecture and configuration of the Nested Vectored Interrupt Controller (NVIC).

Configure interrupt priorities and priority grouping in the NVIC to manage preemption.

Write an interrupt service routine (ISR) following the correct procedure for context preservation and clearing interrupt flags.

Implement critical sections by enabling and disabling interrupts using PRIMASK or BASEPRI registers.

Explain interrupt latency and hardware optimizations like tail-chaining and late-arriving interrupts.