Enlightenment and French Revolution

Identify Hobbes, Locke, Montesquieu, Voltaire, Rousseau, Adam Smith, or the philosophes from a description of the thinker’s defining ideas.

Construct a concise chronological cause-and-effect explanation linking France’s pre-1789 crisis, the Revolution’s early and radical phases, Napoleon’s rise and fall, and the Congress of Vienna, using key events, documents, governments, and reforms as evidence.