CS Executive Preparation

Navigate the Companies Act, 2013, its rules, schedules, notifications, and relevant case law to locate an applicable provision.

Match a company-law matter to the jurisdiction of the MCA, Registrar of Companies, Regional Director, NCLT, NCLAT, or SFIO.

Determine the legal consequences that follow from a company's incorporation.

Apply the exceptions to separate corporate personality in a factual scenario.

Classify a company as private, public, one person, or small from a given set of facts.

Determine whether holding, subsidiary, and associate-company relationships exist in a corporate structure.

Classify an entity as a Section 8, government, foreign, or dormant company from its characteristics.

Write a provision–application–conclusion answer to a company-status or regulatory-jurisdiction problem.

Interpret the legal effect of each clause in a memorandum of association.

Determine the approval and filing route for altering a memorandum clause.

Interpret an articles-of-association provision in light of the Companies Act and the memorandum.

Determine whether an alteration of articles is legally valid.

Apply the doctrine of ultra vires to a proposed or completed transaction.

Apply the doctrine of constructive notice to a third-party transaction.

Apply the indoor-management rule and its exceptions to a factual scenario.

Resolve a conflict among the Companies Act, memorandum, articles, and a private agreement.

Reconcile authorised, issued, subscribed, called-up, paid-up, and reserve share capital from numerical information.

Classify shares by voting, dividend, repayment, and convertibility rights.

Select the legally appropriate route for a public offer, private placement, or preferential issue.

Determine whether an allotment and issue of share certificates comply with statutory requirements.

Apply the statutory procedure for a rights issue.

Apply the statutory conditions for a bonus issue.

Determine whether a proposed sweat-equity or employee stock option issue is permissible.

Determine whether preference shares can be issued or redeemed on stated facts.

Determine the legal consequences of calls, lien, forfeiture, and surrender of shares.

Distinguish a transfer of shares from a transmission of shares in a factual scenario.

Determine when a person acquires or ceases to hold company membership.

Apply the principal rights and liabilities of members and shareholders.

Determine the declarations required when registered and beneficial ownership differ.

Identify a significant beneficial owner and the resulting reporting obligations.

Determine whether a variation of class rights is valid.

Assess whether a proposed reduction of capital or buy-back satisfies statutory conditions.

Distinguish debentures, bonds, deposits, and ordinary borrowings by their legal characteristics.

Select suitable terms for secured, unsecured, convertible, or non-convertible debentures.

Determine the compliance steps for issuing and redeeming debentures.

Apply the duties and protections associated with debenture trustees and debenture holders.

Determine whether an acceptance of money is a regulated company deposit.

Identify when a transaction creates a registrable charge over company assets.

Determine the filing requirements for creating, modifying, or satisfying a charge.

Analyse the priority and enforcement consequences of failing to register a charge.

Calculate the amount legally available for distribution as dividend from stated financial information.

Determine whether a final or interim dividend has been validly declared.

Apply the rules governing payment of dividend and transfer of unpaid amounts to the Unpaid Dividend Account and IEPF.

Determine whether a company's books of account satisfy location, preservation, and inspection requirements.

Identify the financial statements required for a given type of company.

Determine when consolidated financial statements are required.

Sequence the approval, signing, circulation, and filing of financial statements.

Resolve a fact pattern involving an unlawful dividend or defective financial-statement process.

Determine the correct procedure for appointing or rotating a statutory auditor.

Assess whether a person or firm is eligible and independent enough to act as statutory auditor.

Determine the procedure for an auditor's resignation, removal, or replacement.

Apply an auditor's statutory rights and powers to an audit scenario.

Apply an auditor's duties and liabilities to a reporting failure.

Determine whether a non-audit service is prohibited for the statutory auditor.

Determine an auditor's reporting duty when fraud is suspected.

Select the applicable statutory, internal, cost, or secretarial audit requirement for a company.

Classify executive, non-executive, independent, additional, alternate, nominee, and small-shareholder directors.

Determine the DIN, consent, disclosure, and filing requirements for appointing a director.

Assess whether a person is disqualified from appointment as a director.

Determine when a director's office becomes vacant.

Apply the procedures for a director's resignation or removal.

Apply directors' statutory duties to a conflict-of-interest or misuse-of-position scenario.

Determine whether a proposed loan to a director or connected person is permitted.

Identify the key managerial personnel a company must appoint and their statutory roles.

Determine whether a board satisfies applicable composition requirements.

Determine whether independent, woman, resident, or other prescribed directors are required.

Select the required board committees for a given company.

Determine whether the board or shareholders have authority over a proposed corporate action.

Apply statutory limits to company loans, guarantees, securities, and investments.

Determine whether a related-party transaction requires board or shareholder approval.

Calculate whether proposed managerial remuneration falls within the applicable limits.

Resolve a board-power or governance problem using a structured legal answer.

Determine whether the notice, frequency, and participation arrangements for a board meeting are valid.

Calculate board-meeting quorum and determine the effect of interested directors on it.

Determine whether a board resolution by circulation is valid.

Apply Secretarial Standard–1 to the conduct and minutes of a board meeting.

Select the appropriate type of general meeting for a proposed item of business.

Determine whether notice, explanatory statement, quorum, chairmanship, and proxy arrangements for a general meeting are valid.

Select the correct voting method among show of hands, poll, electronic voting, and postal ballot.

Apply resolution, filing, and minutes requirements under the Companies Act and Secretarial Standard–2.

Determine whether the corporate social responsibility provisions apply to a company.

Determine whether a CSR committee is required and whether its composition is valid.

Classify CSR expenditure as permissible, impermissible, ongoing-project spending, or excess spending.

Determine the treatment of unspent CSR amounts and CSR-related assets.

Identify the disclosures required in the board's report and annual report.

Determine the preparation, certification, and filing requirements for an annual return.

Select the statutory registers and records required for a given company event.

Apply inspection, preservation, authentication, and electronic-maintenance rules to company records.

Distinguish a compromise, arrangement, merger, and amalgamation by legal purpose and effect.

Sequence the principal approvals in a compromise or arrangement.

Determine whether a merger qualifies for the fast-track route.

Determine whether a company can obtain, retain, or exit dormant status.

Distinguish inspection, inquiry, and investigation by trigger, authority, and scope.

Apply company and officer response duties during an inspection or investigation.

Determine when serious-fraud concerns may lead to an SFIO investigation.

Construct an exam-style answer to a multi-issue Company Law and Practice case using statutory provisions, application, and a reasoned conclusion.