Stage 2 Psychology Exam Preparation

Identify the neutral stimulus, unconditioned stimulus, unconditioned response, conditioned stimulus, and conditioned response in a scenario, and trace how acquisition turns the neutral stimulus into a conditioned stimulus.

Predict the effects of extinction, spontaneous recovery, stimulus generalisation, and stimulus discrimination in classical-conditioning scenarios.

Classify consequences in operant-conditioning scenarios as positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment, or negative punishment.

Predict how immediate versus delayed and continuous versus intermittent reinforcement will affect the acquisition and persistence of an operantly conditioned behaviour.

Explain whether a modelled behaviour is likely to be imitated using attention, retention, reproduction, motivation, and vicarious consequences.

Classify behavioural scenarios as classical conditioning, operant conditioning, or observational learning and justify each classification.

Predict whether the presence of other people will produce social facilitation or social inhibition by considering task familiarity or difficulty.

Explain helping or non-helping behaviour using the bystander effect, diffusion of responsibility, and relevant situational factors.

Distinguish conformity from obedience in social scenarios and predict how group unanimity or authority proximity could change the behaviour.

Analyse how an attitude is formed or changed in a scenario using a relevant learning process and characteristics of the communicator, message, or audience.

Distinguish stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination; explain how group processes can form prejudice; and predict how intergroup contact may reduce it.

Construct a justified exam response evaluating how social media can amplify or reduce conformity, persuasion, prejudice, or attitude change.